Grzegorz Guła, Agata Dorotkiewicz-Jach, Kamila Korzekwa, Miguel A. Valvano and Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa* Pages 1979 - 1993 ( 15 )
The environment exerts strong influence on microbes. Adaptation of microbes to changing conditions is a dynamic process regulated by complex networks. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a life-threating, versatile opportunistic and multi drug resistant pathogen that provides a model to investigate adaptation mechanisms to environmental changes. The ability of P. aeruginosa to form biofilms and to modify virulence in response to environmental changes is coordinated by various mechanisms including two-component systems (TCS), and secondary messengers involved in quorum sensing (QS) and c-di-GMP networks (diguanylate cyclase systems, DGC). In this review, we focus on the role of c-di-GMP during biofilm formation. We describe TCS and QS signal cascades regulated by c-di-GMP in response to changes in the external environment. We present a complex signaling network dynamically changing during the transition of P. aeruginosa from the free-living to sessile mode of growth.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, biofilm, two-component systems, diguanylate cyclase systems, quorum sensing signaling pathway, biomarker.
Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Wellcome- Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw